Motivation and Self-Regulated Learning in Secondary Schools with Flipped Classrooms: A Systematic Literature Review

In recent years, flipped classroom (FC) models have gained traction as an innovative pedagogical approach that promotes active, student-centered learning environments. Although the effectiveness of the FC model has been widely studied in higher education and teacher training contexts, its impact on secondary school students, particularly with regard to motivation and self-regulated learning (SRL), remains understudied. This systematic literature review summarizes findings from 34 studies on FC implementations in secondary education, focusing specifically on strategies that enhance motivation and SRL outcomes. The review reveals that FC approaches can significantly enhance student motivation, particularly among low-achieving and low-confidence learners, by fostering active participation, self-efficacy, and engagement. However, challenges such as technical barriers, an increased workload, and initial resistance underscore the importance of careful design and teacher support. The findings highlight the critical role of teachers as facilitators, content creators, and motivators in successfully implementing FC in secondary schools.