Chemical Resistance of Modified Wood Veneers in Sustainable Load Bearing Elements

In the pursuit of sustainable engineering solutions, material selection is increasingly directed toward resources that offer functional efficacy, economic feasibility, and minimal environmental impact. To replace environmentally damaging materials like aluminum with more sustainable alternatives like wood-based materials, it is essential to improve the durability and longevity of wood. This study explores the potential suitability of modified veneers as an outer protective layer for unmodified wooden load-bearing elements, providing a cost-effective and resource-efficient alternative to bulk modification. Unmodified, acetylated, furfurylated, and physically densified birch rotary-cut wood veneers were exposed to liquid chemical reagents (acids, base, solvents, and water) and characterized thereafter in tensile tests. The chemical resistance was evaluated based on the deterioration of tensile strength. Additionally, infinite focus microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements were performed to track morphological and chemical changes in the veneers. The results demonstrated that acetylation and furfurylation significantly enhanced chemical resistance against the tested reagents.