A Decade Later - Revisiting the Untapped Potential of Mobile Learning with Smartphones in Ghana's Higher Secondary Education

This research paper revisits the potential of mobile learning with smartphones in Ghana's higher secondary education, focusing on the changes and challenges over the past decade. Conducted in the Volta region, the study builds on previous research from 2013 to evaluate the adoption of mobile learning and the preparedness of the education system for new technologies. Through a Concurrent Transformative Mixed Methods approach involving observations, interviews, and a questionnaire, the study finds that while smartphone penetration (+173.33%) and internet access (+23.53%) among students have significantly increased, institutional support and infrastructure remain insufficient. The continued ban on mobile phones in high schools, lack of teacher training, and inadequate policy implementation hinder the effective use of mobile learning. The paper advocates for a shift in focus from procuring new hardware to enhancing existing infrastructure and developing tailored learning materials and teacher training programs. The findings underscore the need for sustainable and inclusive policies to harness the full potential of mobile learning in Ghana's education system.