Wind Power Plant’s Synthetic Inertia Estimation Using Extended Kalman Filter †

In the transition from non-renewable to renewable energy sources, wind and solar power plants have emerged as primary sources for reducing atmospheric emissions. However, ensuring grid stability remains a challenge in the absence of traditional power plants. Renewable energy sources are often referred to as “inertia-less,” highlighting their vulnerability in transient stability scenarios in which system inertia is crucial. This paper introduces the concept of “synthetic inertia estimation” using an Extended Kalman Filter as a novel solution. Using the synthetic inertia estimation from a wind power plant, one can use the residual kinetic energy, and through the DC/AC converter, inject it into the system during times of stability disturbances. This paper offers practical insights into synthetic inertia estimation and its implementation for enhancing grid stability in a sustainable energy landscape.